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Proximity marketing is used to describe marketing or ad campaigns that are triggered by the proximity of a user to a specific geographical location. Proximity marketing campaigns typically rely on bluetooth low energy beacons or geofences to trigger a specific course of actions

Geo-fencing involves a location-aware device of a location-based service (LBS) user entering or exiting a geo-fence. This activity could trigger an alert to the device’s user as well as messaging to the geo-fence operator. This info, which could contain the location of the device, could be sent to a mobile telephone or an email account.

A geo-fence is a virtual perimeter for a real-world geographic area. A geo-fence could be dynamically generated—as in a radius around a store or point location, or a geo-fence can be a predefined set of boundaries, like school attendance zones or neighborhood boundaries.

Geolocation is the wireless detection of the physical location of a remote device. As a noun, geolocation refers to the physical location itself; as a verb, the term refers to the process of detecting that location.

Location-based technology refers to the technology that makes it possible to locate a device within a specific geographic location. The most common technologies deployed in location-based marketing applications include geofencing with GPS positioning and bluetooth beacon technology for indoor positioning. Other technologies used in location-based apps include Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Near Field Communication (NFC), and QR Codes

A location-based service (LBS) is a software application that uses location data from an IP capable mobile device to target specific users based on location or location history.